United States
America - United States of America
Constitution
Declaration of Independence
Bills of Rights
National Motto: In God we Trust
US Flag: Stars and Stripes
Pledge of Allegiance
National Anthem: Star Spangled Banner
Three branches of government: Executive, Legislative, Judicial
Three parties: Federalist, Democrat, Republican, Independent
Life, Liberty, Pursuit of Happiness: A pattern of 3's: (checks and balances)
Elections - Smooth Transitions of Power: (checks and balances)
History
1727 - The Maryland Gazette, is one of the oldest newspapers in America
1731 - The first three public library in the U.S. are The first is the Library Company of Philadelphia
1732 - Benjamin Franklin - (Poor Richard) Almanac
1764 - The Hartford Courant Founded prior to American independence, The Hartford Courant is the country's oldest newspaper in continuous publication.
1768 - Daily Hampshire Gazette - Massachusetts claims the oldest newspaper in the United States
1775-1783 - American Revolution - original 13 states
1787 - Constitution
1787 - Forming a More Perfect Union
1788 - Constitution: The Founding Fathers helped form the government the Constitution and made one nation under God
1789-1797 - President George Washington (VA) - Elections - Smooth Transitions of Power: (checks and balances)
1791 - US Bill of Rights takes effect
1791 - Americans enjoy freedom of the press as one of the rights guaranteed by the First Amendment. New technologies, however, have created new challenges to media freedom. The First Amendment, which protects freedom of the press, was adopted on December 15, 1791, as part of the Bill of Rights.
1792 - History Of The New York Stock Exchange
1800 - Yellowstone National Park, Sequoia National Park
1812 - Thomas Jefferson- Library of Congress - 2,000 volume
1829 - The Pennsylvania Inquirer and is the third-oldest surviving daily newspaper in the United States.
1851 - New York Times was founded as the New-York Daily Times
1854 - Cyrus West Field and the Atlantic Telegraph Company were behind the construction of the first transatlantic telegraph cable. The project began in 1854 and was completed in 1858
1855 – The Smithsonian Institute, Washington, D.C.
1861-1865 - The American Civil War was a civil war in the United States fought between the Union and the Confederacy. The central cause of the war was the status of slavery, especially the expansion of slavery into territories acquired as a result of the Louisiana Purchase and the Mexican–American War.
1863 - Lincoln Gettysburg Address
1867 - President Andrew Johnson signed legislation creating the first Department of Education
1868 - World Almanac
1869 – Mohandas Gandhi, Indian spiritual leader achieved independence from Britain - Indian Rights
1869 - The ceremony that marked the completion of the First Transcontinental Railroad, as the Central Pacific and and Union Pacific railroads were joined at Promontory, Utah, on May 10, 1869
1876 - Centennial (100 years)
1876 -AT&T - Following Alexander Graham Bell's invention of the telephone in 1876, he and his financial backers,
1877 - Washington Post news paper
1877 - Gardiner Hubbard and Thomas Sanders, formed the Bell Telephone Company in 1877.
1882 - The Chinese Exclusion Act was repealed by the 1943 Magnuson Act
1883 - Life Magazine
1885 - AT&T was incorporated in 1885 as a subsidiary of Bell, to build and operate the first long-distance telephone
1888 - National Geographic - 130 years - Society
1889 - Wall Street Journal - DOW, SP500, New York Exchange, Baltimore Exchang, Philadelphia Exchange
1889 - Herman Hollerith patented electromechanical punch card tabulating system
1889 - William Gray is credited with inventing the coin payphone in the United States in 1889, and George A. Long was its developer
1900 - Lacey Act, Yosemite National Park, Muir Woods National Park
1909 - NAACP - National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
1900 - Consolidated Talking Machine Company
1901–1929 - RCA Records
1906 - General Electric's (GE) - AM - Amplitude Modulation
1910 - Migratory Bird Act, Grand Canyon National Park, Zion National Park
1911 - Hollerith Tabulating Machine Company merged with Computing Tabulating Recording Company to form International Business Machines (IBM)
1914 - Child Labor Laws - Keating Owens Act
1917 - World Book Encyclopedia
1920 - Scholastic - School Scholastic Achievement - The Western Pennsylvania Scholastic
1920- Gila National Park, Bryce Canyon National Park, Great Smoky Park, Grand Teton National Park
1922 - Reader’s Digest
1926 - SAT
1928 - The first television station in America started broadcasting
1930 - Death Valley National Park, Saguaro National Park, Federal Bird Hunting Stamp Act, Migratory Bird Treaty, Olympic National Park, Badlands National Park
1933 - American engineer Edwin Armstrong, wide-band FM - Frequency Modulation
1937 - Presidential Oath
1939 - Presidential Library History. The Presidential Library system formally began in 1939, when President Franklin Roosevelt donated his personal and Presidential papers to the Federal Government.
1940 - Bald Eagle Protection Act, Everglades National Park
1942 - The Voice of America
1942 - Congress of Racial Equality establishments (Japan)
1943 - Detroit and Los Angeles riots
1943 - IBM and Harvard professor Howard Allen, complete the Mark I, first large scale automatic digital computer
1946 - United Mine workers strikes
1946 - ENIAC - Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer
1950 - The Korea Times
1951 - UNIVAC - Universal Automatic Computer - Eckert and Mauchly for the Census Bureau
1954 - The first national color tv broadcast - UHF - Ultra High Frequency, VHF - Very High Frequency
1955 - Columbia House
1960 - John F Kennedy
1960 - Founding of Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee
1960 - After the formation of the Korean government, in the 1960's the people demonstrated for a change from a national government to a more democratic government. Student groups formed on different issues one being the unification of North and South.
1960 - Tower Records
1960 - Wilderness Act, Endangered Species Preservation Act, Redwood, National Environmental Policy Act
1964 - Civil Rights
1966 - Women Rights - National Organization of Women (NOW)
1966 - Miranda Rights - Police and Attorney
1967 - Computer pioneer Doug Engelbart patents a mouse
1968 - Martin Luther King Jr
1968 - Robert Kennedy
1968 - Intel: Andy Grove, Noyce, George Moore
1969 - AMD: Jeremiah Jerry Sander
1969 - Unix developed for Bell Laboratories
Sun Microsystems (Stanford University Network) - James Gosling (Stanford University)
Sun Microsystems (Stanford University Network) - Bill Joy (UC Berkeley)
1969 - US Government - ARPANET
1970 - Korea Times: Annandale, VA
1970 - Kent State student protesters against Vietnam War
1970 - Clean Air Act, First Earth Day, DDT banned, Clean Water Act, Marine Mammal Protection Act, UN Environmental Program created, Endangered Species Act , OPEC oil embargo, Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Species, National Forest Management Act, Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, Toxic Substances Control Act, Endangered Species Act Amendment
1970 - The non proliferation treaty entered into force in 1970.
1970 - NASDAQ
1971 - Intel released the 4004
1973 - Vietnam cease fire
1973 - Alto Computer - Xerox’s Palo Alto Research Complex - a graphical user interface (GUI)
1974 - Republican president Gerald Ford pardoned, commuted, or rescinded the convictions of 409 people.
1975 - First PC - MITS Altair 8800
1975 - Microsoft founded by Bill Gates (Harvard University) and Paul Allen
1976 - Apple Computer founded by Steve Jobs and Stephen Wozniak
1976 - Bicentennial (200 years)
1977 - Apple II - text and graphics in color
1977 - Human Rights - President Jimmy Carter
1979 - RSI - Oracle
1979 - Anti-nuclear protest at Harrisburg in 1979, following the Three Mile Island Accident. Washington, D.C., when 125,000 people
1979 - China controversial one-child policy. Premier Deng Xiaoping (1973)
1980 - Superfund Act, Moratorium on whaling, Union Carbide plant explosion, American alligator downlisted from endangered to threatened, Montreal Protocol Agreement, Elephant Conservation Act, Moratorium on ivory, Exxon Valdez oil spill
1981 - Democratic president Jimmy Carter pardoned, commuted, or rescinded the convictions of 566 people
1981 - IBM PC - IBM 5150 - IBM - Thomas Watson (Brown University)
1982 - Equal Rights Amendments dies
1982 - one million people demonstrated in New York City's Central Park against nuclear weapons and for an end to the cold war arms race
1983 - Oracle - Larry Ellison
1983 - US Government - ARPANET - TCP/IP
1983 - Long Distance Cards - MCI, WorldCom
1984 - Apple introduces the Macintosh computer (Lisa) - Graphical User Interface (GUI)
1984 - The Regional Bell Companies (RBOC) were the U.S. regionaltelephone companies that were formed from the breakup of AT&T ("Ma Bell") in 1984 from AT&T: Bell Atlantic, Bell South, Nynex
1985 - BMG Music Publishing
1985 — AOL founded
1986 - Hundreds of people walked from Los Angeles to Washington, D.C., in the Great Peace March for Global Nuclear Disarmament.
1986 - National Science Foundation - launches NAFNET, first large scale network
1987 - IBM - OS 2 Warp Operating System
1989 - Student protests in Tiananmen Square
1989 - Republican president Ronald Reagan pardoned, commuted, or rescinded the convictions of 406 people.
1989 - Tim Berners Lee - World Wide Web
1989 - Commercial ISP - Internet Service provider - dial up service
1990- Clean Air Act reauthorized, UN Earth Summit, Gray wolf reintroduced into Yellowstone National Park, Death Valley National Park, International Conference on Population and Development, Bald Eagle down-listed from endangered to threatened, Red legged frog listed as threatened, California condor experimental release in Grand Canyon, World Food Summit
1991 - Tim Berners Lee - First Web browser
1991 - Linux operating system - Linux Torvalds (Finland)
1992 - The LA riots were a rude awakening for Korean-Americans headlines about Rodney King
1992 - Republican president George H. W. Bush pardoned, commuted, or rescinded the convictions of 77 people.
1993 - Mosaic - First web browser
1994 - Netscape Navigator
1995 - Windows 95
1995 - Internet explorer
1995 -Yahoo - Jerry Yang and David Filo in January (1994)
1995 - The non proliferation treaty was extended indefinitely. A total of 191 States have joined the Treaty, including the five nuclear-weapon States.
1996 - Palm Pilot - handheld computer and personal information manager - touch screens
1997 - Hong Kong and China integration
1997 - IBM Deep Blue Beats Garry Kasparov
1997 - Red Hat Linux 5.2
1997 - IPv4
1998 - Windows 98
1998 - Democratic president Bill Clinton pardoned, commuted, or rescinded the convictions of 459 people.
2000 - Windows NT - new technologies
2000 - Microsoft splits into 5 departments
2000 - Windows 2000
2001 - Apple introduced Unix like system for Mac OS X
2002 - The total number of personal computers, both desktop and laptop reach 1 billion
2003 - Windows XP
2003 - Microsoft Office / Microsoft Works
2003 - Google - Gmail
2004 - Facebook - Mark Zuckerberg (Harvard University)
2005 - Republican president George W. Bush pardoned, commuted, or rescinded the convictions of 200 people.
2005 - Windows Vista
2005 - Apple used IBM Power PC chips
2006 - Apple began using Intel chips
2007 - Apple introduced the iPhone
2007 - Amazon releases kindle
2007 - Korean Prayer Rally - Free North Korean refugees fleeing to China
2008 - Housing Recession
2008 - Affordable Health Care Act
2008 - The Beijing Olympics of 2008 were the most polluted games ever with athletes and spectators exposed to dangerous level of smog, researchers have concluded. China's Olympics had double the level of soot as Athens, triple the levels as Atlanta and 3.5 times higher than as Sydney.
2008 - Google Releases mobile operating system - Google - Sergey Brin and Larry Page (Stanford University)
2009 - UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon has urged Burma to free all political prisoners
2010 - Apple sells 3 million iPad
2010 - Windows 7
2012 - Windows 8 operating system
2013 - Black Lives Matter(BLM) is an international human rights movement, originating in the African-American community
that campaigns against violence and systemic racism towards black people. BLM regularly holds protests speaking out against police killings of black people, and broader issues such as racial profiling, police brutality, and racial inequality in the United States criminal justice system
2015 - China announces the end of its controversial one-child policy. Now, all couples can have two children.
2015 - IPv6
2016 - Windows 10
2017 - Democratic president Barack Obama pardoned, commuted, or rescinded the conviction of 1,927 people.
2018 - Free South Korean President
2019 - Taiwan and Hong demonstrations related to China integration
2019 - Coronavirus
2020 - Republican president Donald Trump has issued 25 pardons and 10 commutations.